“Discovery” and Settlement

I. The Colonizers:

Remember, colonies=tensions.

     (Anglo-Indian, Anglo-French, etc.)

A.   French:

           Quebec: 1608

B.  The Dutch:1609-1644:

Manhattan=5000 inhabitants by 1700

--mostly Dutch, but quite religiously and ethnically diverse:

15% African (overwhelmingly slaves), also some Jews, Dutch Reformed, Walloon, British Anglicans, Presbyterians,  French Protestant, Roman Catholics, Quakers, singing Quakers, ranting Quakers, Sabbatarians and anti-Sabbatarians, Anabaptists

C.  The English:

Why colonize?

Ø     Religious Reasons

Ø     Social Reasons

1485: 3 million

1603: 4 million

Ø     Economic Reasons

Mercantilism

  “The Crop that Cureth”

Scottish Physician in 1614:

“It prepareth the stomacke for meat, it maketh a clear voice, it maketh a sweet breath, it cleareth the sight, it openeth the eares and openeth the passage of the nose. It comforteth nerves, and taken in siruppe there is no obstruction that can abide it. It is present reliefe against the most part of poysons. And in few words, it is the princesse of physical plants.” 

Labor trouble

Indentured Servitude

     (to 1700, 75% of laborers

were indentured servants)

Slavery

Growing Pains in the 17^th Century:

While the colonies began to prosper by the mid 17^th century, every colony also struggled.

Today, we will see this struggle through three examples:

(Virginia)                               1. Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676

(New England)                    2. King Philip’s War, 1675-1676

(Massachusetts)                 3. Witchcraft, 1692